我们在编码的时候, 通常会好奇, 这时候需要观察erl源码生成的VM opcode. Erlang的VM是register based的VM, 生产的opcode很容易理解.
生成汇编格式有2种方式:
1. 从源码生成抽象码. erlc +”‘S'” mod.erl, 生成mod.S
2. 从beam生成Opcode. 未公开的功能. erts_debug:df 参数M或者 M, F, 生成mod.dis
来吧,实践下:
root@ubuntu:~/exam# ls
eg.erl
root@ubuntu:~/exam# erlc +"'S'" eg.erl
root@ubuntu:~/exam# erlc eg.erl
root@ubuntu:~/exam# erl
Erlang R14A (erts-5.8) [source] [smp:2:2] [rq:2] [async-threads:0] [hipe] [kernel-poll:false] [lock-counting]
Eshell V5.8 (abort with ^G)
1> erts_debug:df(eg).
ok
2>
User switch command
--> q
root@ubuntu:~/exam# ls eg*
eg.beam eg.dis eg.erl eg.S
我们得到了eg.S, eg.dis这2个反汇编的结果. 我们再来参观下.
先看源码:
root@ubuntu:~/exam# cat eg.erl
-module(eg).
-import(lists).
-import(lists,[sum/1]).
-compile(export_all).
kilo_byte() ->
kilo_byte(10, [42]).
kilo_byte(0, Acc) ->
Acc;
kilo_byte(N, Acc) ->
kilo_byte(N-1, [Acc|Acc]).
loop()->
sum(lists:seq(1,100)),
loop().
中间汇编码, 供transform进行处理和编译器进一步生成opcode.
root@ubuntu:~/exam# cat eg.S
{module, eg}. %% version = 0
{exports, [{kilo_byte,0},
{kilo_byte,2},
{loop,0},
{module_info,0},
{module_info,1}]}.
{attributes, []}.
{labels, 12}.
{function, kilo_byte, 0, 2}.
{label,1}.
{func_info,{atom,eg},{atom,kilo_byte},0}.
{label,2}.
{move,{literal,"*"},{x,1}}.
{move,{integer,10},{x,0}}.
{call_only,2,{f,4}}.
{function, kilo_byte, 2, 4}.
{label,3}.
{func_info,{atom,eg},{atom,kilo_byte},2}.
{label,4}.
{test,is_eq_exact,{f,5},[{x,0},{integer,0}]}.
{move,{x,1},{x,0}}.
return.
{label,5}.
{gc_bif,'-',{f,0},2,[{x,0},{integer,1}],{x,0}}.
{test_heap,2,2}.
{put_list,{x,1},{x,1},{x,1}}.
{call_only,2,{f,4}}.
{function, loop, 0, 7}.
{label,6}.
{func_info,{atom,eg},{atom,loop},0}.
{label,7}.
{allocate,0,0}.
{move,{integer,100},{x,1}}.
{move,{integer,1},{x,0}}.
{call_ext,2,{extfunc,lists,seq,2}}.
{call_ext,1,{extfunc,lists,sum,1}}.
{call_last,0,{f,7},0}.
{function, module_info, 0, 9}.
{label,8}.
{func_info,{atom,eg},{atom,module_info},0}.
{label,9}.
{move,{atom,eg},{x,0}}.
{call_ext_only,1,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,1}}.
{function, module_info, 1, 11}.
{label,10}.
{func_info,{atom,eg},{atom,module_info},1}.
{label,11}.
{move,{x,0},{x,1}}.
{move,{atom,eg},{x,0}}.
{call_ext_only,2,{extfunc,erlang,get_module_info,2}}.
VM opcode形式, VM就是来解释运行这些code的
root@ubuntu:~/exam# cat eg.dis
B5146074: i_func_info_IaaI 0 eg kilo_byte 0
B5146088: move_cx "*" x(1)
B5146094: i_move_call_only_fcr eg:kilo_byte/2 10 x(0)
B51460A0: i_func_info_IaaI 0 eg kilo_byte 2
B51460B4: i_is_eq_immed_frc f(B51460C8) x(0) 0
B51460C0: move_return_xr x(1) x(0)
B51460C8: i_fetch_rc x(0) 1
B51460D0: i_minus_jId j(00000000) 2 x(0)
B51460E0: test_heap_II 2 2
B51460EC: put_list_xxx x(1) x(1) x(1)
B51460F4: i_call_only_f eg:kilo_byte/2
B51460FC: i_func_info_IaaI 0 eg loop 0
B5146110: allocate_tt 0 0
B5146118: move_cx 100 x(1)
B5146124: i_move_call_ext_cre 1 x(0) lists:seq/2
B5146130: i_call_ext_e lists:sum/1
B5146138: i_call_last_fP eg:loop/0 0
B5146144: i_func_info_IaaI 0 eg module_info 0
B5146158: move_cr eg x(0)
B5146160: allocate_tt 0 1
B5146168: call_bif1_e erlang:get_module_info/1
B5146170: deallocate_return_P 0
B5146178: i_func_info_IaaI 0 eg module_info 1
B514618C: move_rx x(0) x(1)
B5146194: move_cr eg x(0)
B514619C: allocate_tt 0 2
B51461A4: call_bif2_e erlang:get_module_info/2
B51461AC: deallocate_return_P 0
收工!
Recent Comments